Beste Schulterersatz Orthopäden - TOP-85 Ärzte

Dr. Marouane is a Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon from France with over 30 years of European experience. He specializes in upper limb surgery for hand, elbow, shoulder, and nerve reconstruction using open, arthroscopic, and innovative techniques to ensure a faster recovery time for patients. He founded three centers for hand and upper limb surgery in France. He has performed over 8,000 surgeries, consistently meeting or exceeding patient expectations. In 2011, he was awarded the French Legion of Honour’s Knight of the Legion of Honour (Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur). He is the Founder of Tunisia’s Sports Medicine Center. His clinical expertise includes the following,

Endoscopic release of carpal tunnel syndrome bone and joint injuries of the hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder

Microsurgery for tendons and nerve injuries

Late sequelae after nerve and tendon injuries, tendon, and nerve transfer

Fracture of the scaphoid and non-union reconstruction

Prosthesis – joint Replacement: shoulder, elbow, wrist, thumb, fingers

Injuries sustained during sports and arthroscopic management

Recurrent dislocations of the shoulder, rotator cuff issues, acromioclavicular disorder, impingement syndrome

Sequelae of dislocations of the elbow, instability, and ulnar nerve syndrome of the elbow

Dr. Marouane is passionate about sports and was a professional football player for several years as a goalkeeper.

Awards & Achievements

Performed over 8,000 surgeries, consistently meeting or exceeding patient expectations

French Knight of the Legion of Honor (Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur) in 2011

Gold Medal from Montpellier Medical School in 1997

Best Medical Thesis Sustained in France in 1997 About Brachial Plexus injury, "How to Restore Elbow Flexion with 3 Intercostal Nerve to the Motor Branch of the Biceps."

Research & Publications

Le Delai De Reinnervation Musculaire Post Operaoire : nouveau concept d’analyse des résultats de la chirurgie nerveuse périphérique; M. Boulouednine, y. Allieu- g.E.M. - Paris.

The post OP reinnervation delay (port); New concept on nerve repair analysis. M. Boulouednine, y. Allieu. 9th congress of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand (IFSSH), Budapest, Le Snapping Triceps at the elbow. M. Boulouednine- Journees de traumatologie du sport st tropez.

Assoc. Prof. Ozgur Cicekli

Education :

Bachelor's Degree: 1998-2005 - School Of Medicine (english), Hacettepe University
Residency Education Ankara Atatürk Educatıon And Research Hospital
2005 – 2010 - Orthopedıcs And Traumatology Clınıc
Title Of Associate Professor: 2019 Sakarya Unıversıty Educatıon And Research Hospıtal

Biography :

2005 – 2010 - Resıdency, Atatürk Teaching And Research Hospital, Ankara
2011-2012 – Mılıtary Servıce, Samsun Mılıtary Hospıtal
2012 – 2015 – Conscrıptıon, Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Educatıon And Research Hospıtal
2015-2020 Ministry Of Health Sakarya University Training And Research Hospital
2020 – Adatip Sakarya Hospital

Area of Specialty :

Areas Of Focus
Sports Injuries And Surgeries
Joint Preserving Surgery
Arthroplasty
Orthopedic Traumatology

Memberships :

1. 2018, Member, Turkish Society Of Sports Injuries, Arthroscopy And Knee Surgery
2. 2014, Memberi Turkish Orthopedics And Traumatology Training Council (totek)
3. 2012, Member, Federation Of Turkish Society Of Orthopedics And Traumatology (totbid)

Congress :

Letters/articles/publications
A. Articles Published In International Peer-review Journals:
A.1 Çiçekli Özgür, Dogan Metin (2018). Evaluation Of Surgical Outcome In Advanced Age Patients With Developmental Hip Dysplasia. International Journal Of Surgery, 52, 44-49., Doi:
10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.02.020, (control No: 4920803)
A.2 Çiçekli Özgür,topçu Hüseyin Nevzat,kochai Alauddin,sükür Erhan,türker Mehmet
(2019). Comparison Of Suprapatellar And Infrapatellar Tibial Nailing: More Anatomic Entry Point And
Fracturereduction Via The Suprapatellar Approach. International Journal Of Clinical And Experimental
Medicine, 12(1), 804-811., Doi: Ijcem0082501, (control No: 4840087)
A.3 Çiçekli Özgür,özdemir Güzelali,uysal Mustafa,biçici Vedat,bingöl Izzet (2016).
Percutaneous Cannulated Screw Fixation For Pediatric Epiphyseal Ankle Fractures. Springerplus,
5, (1) Doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3623-1, (control No: 4920888)
A.4 Çiçekli Özgür,kochai Alauddin,sükür Erhan,basak Ali Murat,kurtoglu Alper,türkermehmet (2019). Suprapatellar Approach For Fractures Of The Tibia: Does The Fracture Level Matter?.
Joint Diseases And Related Surgery, 30(1), 10-16., Doi:
10.5606/ehc.2019.63487, (control No: 4919692)
A.5 Çiçekli Özgür, Bingöl Izzet,tepe Nermin,akgül Turgut,çiçekli Esen, Atbinici
Hasan,arslan Arslan Kagan (2016). Neuromuscular Functional Changes Of The Quadriceps After Acl Reconstruction. West Indian Medical Journal, Doi: 10.7727/wimj.2015.558,
(control No: 4892448)
A.6 Özdemir Güzelali, Çiçekli Özgür, Akgül Turgut, Zehir Sinan, Ferit Yücel, Eskin Deniz
(2014). The Results Of Autologous Bone Graft And Titanium Headless Cannulated Compression Screw For Treatment Of Scaphoid Nonunion. Turkish Journal Of Trauma And Emergency Surgery, 20(3),
199-204., Doi: 10.5505/tjtes.2014.92255, (control No: 4866486)
A.7 Özdemir Güzelali, Akgül Turgut, Çiçekli Özgür, Yilmaz Baris, Atbinici Hasan, Yücel Ferit (2017). Lunatum Excision And Scaphocapitate Arthrodesis In Kienböck's Disease. Journal Of Orthopaedic Surgery, 25(1), Doi: 10.1177/2309499017692704, (control No: 4866032)
A.8 Kochai Alauddin, Türker Mehmet, Çiçekli Özgür, Özdemir Ugur, Bayam
Levent, Erkorkmaz Ünal, Sükür Erhan (2018). A Comparative Study Of Three Commonly Used Fixation Techniques For Isolated Medial Malleolus Fracture. Joint Diseases And Related Surgery,
29(2), 104-109., Doi: 10.5606/ehc.2018.61449, (control No: 4866101)
A.9 Sükür Erhan, Akar Abdülhalim, Topçu Hüseyin Nevzat, Çiçekli Özgür, Kochai
Alauddin, Türker Mehmet (2018). The Effect Of N-acetylcysteine On Mechanical Fatigue Resistance Of Antibiotic-loaded Bone Cement. Journal Of Orthopaedic Surgery And Research, 13,
Doi: 10.1186/s13018-018-0843-9, (control No: 4866136)
A.10 Akgül Turgut, Zehir Sinan, Özdemir Güzelali, Yücel Ferit, Türk Abdulkadir, Çiçekli
Özgür (2014). The Results Of Low Profile Locking Anatomical Plate Application For The Treatment Of Edinburg Type 2 Clavicle Diaphysis Fractures. Turkish Journal Of Trauma And Emergency Surgery, 20(4), 286-290., Doi: 10.5505/tjtes.2014.88303, (control No: 4866478)
A.11 Sükür Erhan, Akar Abdülhalim, Uyar Ahmet Çagri, Çiçekli Özgür, Kochai
Alauddin, Türker Mehmet, Topçu Hüseyin Nevzat (2018). Vacuum-assisted Closure Versus Moist Dressings In The Treatment Of Diabetic Wound Ulcers After Partial Foot Amputation: A
Retrospective Analysis In 65 Patients. Journal Of Orthopaedic Surgery, 26(3), Doi:
10.1177/2309499018799769, (control No: 4866083)
A.12 Yalçin Muhammed Nadir, Bektaser Süleyman Bülent, Çiçekli Özgür, Dogan Metin
(2009). Bucket-handle Tear Of A Discoid Lateral Meniscus In A 6-year-old Girl. Acta Orthopaedica Et
Traumatologica Turcica, 43(6), 528-531., Doi: 10.3944/aott.2009.528, (control No: 4866457)
A.13 Yalçin Muhammed Nadir, Bektaser Süleyman Bülent, Çiçekli Özgür, Ugras
Serdar, Dogan Metin (2010). An Unusual Cause Of Recurrent Joint Effusions: Nonhemophilic
Hemosiderotic Synovitis Of The Knee. Acta Orthopaedica Et Traumatologica Turcica, 44(2), 162-
165, Doi: 10.3944/aott.2010.2240, (control No: 4866450)
B. Articles Published At Local Peer-review Journals:

B.1 Çiçekli Özgür (2019). Does Sleep Disturbance And Quality Of Life Improve After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair?. Annals Of Medical Research, 26(4), 664-669., Doi:
10.5455/annalsmedres.2019.01.049, (control No: 4892204)
B.2 Sükür Erhan, Uyar Ahmet Çagri, Özdemir Ugur, Gökçen Hüseyin Bahadir, Çiçekli
Özgür, Topçu Hüseyin Nevzat (2018). Assessment Of Concordance Between Age Group And Etiology, Level And Revisions Of Amputations. Medeniyet Medical Journal, 33(1), 10-16., Doi:10.5222/mmj.2018.35002,

Certificate
Turkish Society Of Orthopedics And Traumatology-turksih Council Of Orthopedics And Traumatology Educaiton Board Test, Orthopedics And Traumatology Qualification Test, 2014, Ankara, Certificate,
14.09.2014 -26.10.2014 (national)

Course
Nice Shoulder Course, Shoulder Course, Covering Arthroscopic And Prosthetic Surgery. The Program Includes Lectures By Leading Shoulder Surgeons, Round Table Discussions, A Live Surgery Session And Workshops With Cadavers And Plastic Models., Nice, Course, 02.06.2016 -04.06.2016 (international)
2.
Ao Trauma Course- Advanced Principles Of Fracture Management, Ao Trauma Course- Advanced
Principles Of Fracture Management, Ankara, Course, 17.01.2015 -20.01.2015 (national)
3.
Ao Trauma Courses- Foot Ankle, Ao Trauma Courses- Foot Ankle Surgery, Graz, Kurs, 17.09.2014 -
19.09.2014 (international)
4.
Epos-bat Advanced Course, Current Concepts In The Management Of Pediatric Hip Disorders., Izmir,
Course, 06.09.2013 -07.09.2013 (international)
5.
Gazi Shoulder Arthroscopy Course, Shouler Arthroscopy Course, Ankara, Gazi University Hospital, Course
04.01.2013 05.01.2013 (national)
6.
Fracture Management During The Growth, Fracture Management During The Growth, Ao Trauma Courses, Graz, Course, 12.09.2010 -12.09.2010 (international)
7.
Ao Trauma Course Approach And Osteosynthesis, Ao Trauma Course Approach And Osteosynthesis (with Cadaver Dissections), Graz, Course, 08.09.2010 -12.09.2010 (international)
8.
Introductory Course With Cadaver Dissections, Introductory Course With Cadaver Dissections For Ao Travma-course Approaches And Osteosynthesis, Graz, Course, 07.09.2010 -07.09.2010 (international)
9.
Ao Trauma Course-principles In Operative Fracture Management, Ao Trauma Course-principles In Operative Fracture Management, Ankara, Course, 15.01.2010 -19.01.2010 (national)
10.
Ao Pediatric Trauma Course, Ao Pediatric Trauma Course, Izmir, Course, 18.04.2009 -19.04.2009 (national)
11.
2. Intramedular Nailing Course, Intramedular Nailing Course, 2009, İzmir, Course, 15.01.2009
18.01.2009 (national)
12.
Basic Sciences And Research School, Turkish Society Of Orthopedics And Traumatology-turksih Council Of Orthopedics And Traumatology Educaiton Orthopedics And Traumatology Basic Sciences And Research School, Turkish Society Of Orthopedics And Traumatology-turksih Council Of Orthopedics And Traumatology Educaiton Erzurum, Course, 27.02.2008-01.03.2008 (national)

Associate Professor Haluk Celik ist ein türkischer orthopädischer Chirurg mit langjähriger Erfahrung in Knie-, Hüft- und Schulterchirurgie, Sportverletzungen, Knorpelchirurgie und regenerativen Behandlungen. Er hat ein Qualifikationszertifikat in Orthopädie und Traumatologie und ist Mitglied des Türkischen Bildungsrates für Orthopädie und Traumatologie. Er ist aktives Mitglied der türkischen Verbände für Sportverletzungen, Arthroskopie und Kniechirurgie und der türkischen Verbände für Schulter- und Ellenbogenchirurgie.

Professor Schabus ist ein österreichischer Spezialist für arthroskopische und offene Gelenkrekonstruktion, Osteosynthese und künstlichen Gelenkersatz sowie Bänder- und Meniskuschirurgie. Er war Mannschaftsarzt des Österreichischen Tennisbundes und Autor von über 400 wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten und Vorträgen. Er hat in Trauma promoviert und ist Mitglied verschiedener privilegierter Gesellschaften.

Education

1993 - 1999 y. MD, Vilnius University
1999 - 2004 y. Orthopaedic surgeon, Vilnius University
2015 y. PhD, Vilnius University

Professional experience

2004 - 2004 y. III Orthopaedics Traumatology department of Republic Vilnius University Hospital, Orthopaedic surgeon
2004 - 2008 y. Traumatology Emergency department of Republic Vilnius University Hospital, Orthopaedic surgeon
From 2004 y. Northway Medicine Centers, Orthopaedic surgeon
From 2005 y. Orthopaedics department of Republic Vilnius University Hospital, Orthopaedic surgeon
From 2005 y. Kardiolita clinic, Orthopaedic surgeon
From 2016 y. Orthopaedics department of Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Orthopaedic surgeon

Membership

2005 y. Member of the Lithuanian Society of Orthopaedics and Tramatology
2005 y. Member of the Scientific Society of Orthopaedics and Tramatology of Vilnius Region
2012 y. Board member of the Lithuanian Society of Orthopaedics and Tramatology
2010 y. Member of the Lithuanian Joint Replacement Society
2014 y. Board member of the Lithuanian Joint Replacement Society
2015 y. Member of the Lithuanian Foot and Ankle Society

Training Courses

2002 y. Academic exchange program in Joint Replacements and Orthopaedic Surgery established by the Keggi Orthopaedic Foundation, Waterbury, Connecticut, USA
2005 y. Rigshospitalet of the Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
2005 y. Salzburg Weill Cornell seminars „Bone and Joint Surgery“, Salzburg, Austria
2008 y. Oxford® Partial Knee Advanced Instructional Course, Oxford, UK
2012 y. Difficult Primary and Revision. Knee education. Solzalpe, Austria
2013 y. Biomet 4th Swiss Oxford Instructional Course, Lucerne, Switzerland
2015 y. TKA Primary and Revision. Instructional Courses. Solzalpe, Austria
2015 y. Department of Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Münster University Hospital, Germany
2015 y. Vitos Orthopedic Clinic, Kassel, Germany
2015 y. Lector in Primary & Revision Knee Courses, Vilnius, Lithuania
2015 y. Primary & Revision Hip Courses, Vilnius, Lithuania
2015 y. NexGen Revision Knee Arthroplasty, Paris, France
2016 y. Interactions Meeting "The Challenge of Revision Hip Arthroplasty”, Hamburg, Germany

Publications

An author and coauthor of numerous published scientific articles and presentations

Dr. Zvi Lidar ist ein renommierter Neurochirurg und orthopädischer Chirurg für Schulterersatz, der in Israel und den USA zertifiziert ist. Er ist auf Neurochirurgie bei Erwachsenen und Kindern spezialisiert und hat mehr als 30 wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zur Wirbelsäulenchirurgie verfasst. Er ist Mitglied der American Association of Neurological Surgeons, der Israel Neurosurgical Society, der Israel Medicine Association, der Israel Spine Society und der North American Spine Society.

Education and Expertise

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology (Specialization)

Professional Memberships

Turkish Medical Association

Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Association

Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Training Council (TOTEK) Membership

Totbid Orthopedic Trauma Branch

Turkish Sports Injuries Arthroscopy and Knee Surgery Association


A. Articles Published in International Refereed Journals

1. Gül M, Çetinkaya E, Aykut ÜS, Özkul B, Saygılı MS, Akman YE, Kabukcuoglu YS. Effect of the Presence of Subchondral Cysts on Treatment Results of Autologous Osteochondral Graft Transfer in Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2016 Sep-Oct;55(5):1003-6. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2016.05.012.

2. Çetinkaya E, Kuyucu E, Gül M, Lapçin O, Albayrak K, Gürsu S. A suture technique for easier reduction and repair of bucket-handle meniscal tears while using the all-inside devices. SICOT J. 2016;2:42.

3. Gül M, Yavuz U, Çetinkaya E, Aykut ÜS, Özkul B, Kabukçuoğlu YS. Chevron osteotomy in patients with scheduled osteotomy of the medial malleolus. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2015;49(4):399-404. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2015.14.0186.

4. Cetinkaya E, Aydin CG, Akman YE, Gul M, Arikan Y, Aycan OE, Kabukcuoglu YS. A rare knee extensor mechanism injury: Vastus intermedius tendon rupture. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2015;14:186-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.07.035.

5. Gül M, Yavuz U, Sökücü S, Cetinkaya E, Arikan Y, Kabukçuoğlu YS. Flexion-adduction-external rotation method for shoulder dislocations. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014;48(2):164-8. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2014.13.0028.

6. Kiliç A, Sökücü S, Parmaksızoğlu AS, Gül M, Kabukçuoğlu YS. Comparative evaluation of radiographic and functional outcomes in the surgical treatment of scaphoid non-unions. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2011;45(6):399-405. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2011.2437.

7. Kiliç A, Kabukçuoğlu YS, Gül M, Sökücü S, Ozdoğan U. Fixed-angle volar plates in corrective osteotomies of malunions of dorsally angulated distal radius fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2011;45(5):297-303. doi:10.3944/AOTT.2011.2384.

8. Parmaksizoğlu AS, Sökücü S, Ozkaya U, Kabukçuoğlu Y, Gül M. Locking plate fixation of three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2010;44(2):97-104. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2010.2275.

1. Kiliç A, Kabukçuoğlu Y, Gül M, Ozkaya U, Sökücü S. [Early results of open mosaicplasty in osteochondral lesions of the talus]. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2009 May-Jul;43(3):235-42. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2009.235.

2. Kiliç A, Kabukçuoğlu Y, Ozkaya U, Gül M, Sökücü S, Ozdoğan U. [Volar locking plate fixation of unstable distal radius fractures]. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2009 Aug-Oct;43(4):303-8. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2009.303.

3. Ozkaya U, Parmaksizoglu AS, Gul M, Sokucu S, Kabukcuoglu Y. Minimally invasive treatment of distal tibial fractures with locking and non-locking plates. Foot Ankle Int. 2009 Dec;30(12):1161-7. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2009.1161.

4. Ozkaya U, Parmaksizoğlu AS, Gül M, Kabukçuoğlu Y, Ozkazanli G, Basilgan S. [Management of osteoporotic pertrochanteric fractures with external fixation in elderly patients]. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2008 Aug-Oct;42(4):246-51.

B. Papers Presented at International Scientific Meetings and Published in Proceedings:

1. Özgür Karakoyun, Metin Küçükkaya, Sami Sökücü, Murat Gül. Treating deformities of knee region using external fixator for tibia and plate fixation for femur 7th ASAMİ International Meeting, 2012

2. Özgür Karakoyun, Metin Küçükkaya, Sami Sökücü, Murat Gül. Replacement of unilateral external fixator with Taylor Spatial Fixator in outpatient clinic 7th ASAMİ International Meeting, 2012

Orthopäde-Traumatologe

Name                           Ahmet Dogan, Prof. Dr.

Date of birth                September 25, 1970

Place of birth              Biga, Canakkale, Turkey

Citizenship                   Republic of Turkey

Marital status              Married

Hospital                       Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, 

Current position         Chief in Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and     

  Traumatology, 

Education

1.  Biga High School, Biga, Turkey.
2.  Uludag Medical School, University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey.
3.  Resident in Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology at Istanbul   

                                    Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Date and location of Orthopedic Certification: 

January 29, 2001, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. 

Thesis: Residual adductus and ankle range of motion after complete subtalar release in pes equinovarus.

Fellowship: 01.02-31.03 2010 Orthopadisches Spital Speising (Prof.Dr.Franz Grill), Wien, Austria.

Professional Experience

31.07.1993-31.07.1994           Erzincan State Hospital (Emergency Department), Erzincan,  

 as a general practitioner.

01.08.1994-01.12.1995           Isparta Military Hospital, Isparta, Turkey (Military sevice), 

 as a general practitioner.

01.01.1996-01.01.1997           Erzincan State Hospital (Emergency Department), Erzincan,      

 as a general practitioner.

02.01.1997-29.05.2001           Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

                                                 as a resident in Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology.

01.06.2001-25.05.2004           SSK Fethiye Hospital, Fethiye, Mugla, Turkey

                                                as an Orthopaedic surgeon.  

02.06.2004-13.11.2011          Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

             as an Orthopaedic surgeon.

14.11.2011-31.07.2016           Medical Park Bahcelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

             as an Orthopaedic surgeon.

01.08.2016- 11.05.2019          Kolan International Hospital, Okmeydani, Sisli, Istanbul 

                                                as an Orthopaedic surgeon.

National Memberships

Paediatric Orthopaedic Society 

Turkish Medical Association

Turkish Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology

Turkish Ilizarov Society (Turkish ASAMI)

1. Turkish Foot and Ankle Surgery Society
2. Turkish Trauma Society

International Membership

Europian Paediatric Orthopaedic Society (EPOS)

Orthopaedic interests

1. 1. Paediatric orthopaedy
2. 2. Deformity correction and limb lengthening
3. 3. Ilizarov Surgery
4. 4. Foot and ankle surgery
5. 5. Trauma surgery
6. 6. Arthroplasty (prosthesis) surgery
7. 7. Stem Cell Applications (BMAC, SVF, PRP)
8.  

International Paediatric Orthopaedics Courses Attended

1. Sonography of the hip “basic” 

11.05.1998-13.05.1998, Courses given by Prof. R, Graf, Stolzalpe, Austria.

1. Sonography of the hip “follow-up” 

13.05.1998-15.05.1998, Courses given by Prof. R, Graf, Stolzalpe, Austria.

1. Orthopaedic Summer School – “From Chilhood to Adulthood”, 

03.08.1998-07.08.1998, Helsinki, Finland.

1. 7th Congress of the International Circle of Friends os T.S.O.T. 

May,29-01,1998, İzmir, Turkey

1. 2. German-Turkish Congress of the Pediatric Orthopaedics, 

May,29-01,1998, Izmir, Turkey

1. Third International Pediatric Orthopedic Symposium, 

May 24-28, 2000, San Francisco, California, USA

1. Instructional Basic Gait Analysis Course,  

September 25-27,2000 “Shriners Hospital for Children “, Helsingborg, Sweden

1. 20th EPOS MEETING2001, 

April 5-7, 2001, Montpellier, France

1. 21th EPOS MEETING 2002, 

April 17-20, 2002, Istanbul, Turkey

1. SICOT/SIROT 2002 XXII World Congress,

August 23-30,2002 San Diego,California, USA

1. 4th International Clubfoot Congress, International Federation of Pediatric Orthopaedic   

             XXIII World Congress,August 23-30,2005 Istanbul, Turkey. 

1. 26th EPOS MEETING 2007, 

11-14 April, 2007, Sorrento, Italy.

1. Bone Defect, Infection, Non Union and Intra Articular Fracture Management. Pre- 

            congress course given by Prof.M.Catagni, Prof.M.Kocaoglu, Prof.K.Tetsworth. 

World Congress on External Fixation 2007, October 16, 2007, Cairo, Egypt.

1. World Congress on External Fixation 2007, 

October 17-19, 2007, Cairo, Egypt.

1. Limb Deformity Course. Post-congress course given by Prof.D.Paley and 

            Prof.J.Herzenberg. World Congress on External Fixation 2007, 

October 20-21, 2007,  Cairo, Egypt

1. Dega Pre-Meeting Course. 

April 9, 2008 Warsaw, Poland.

1. 27th EPOS MEETING 2008, 

April 9-12,2008 Warsaw, Poland. 

1. 28th EPOS MEETING 2009, 

April 1-4, 2009 Lisbon, Portugal.

1. Taylor Spatial Frame Course, 

March 22-25, 2010 Vienna, Austria. 

1. ISCO’15 Istanbul Symposium on Children’s Orthopaedics
2. February 2015, Istanbul, Turkey.
3. ISSCA Meeting, Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell  in Orthopaedics, 23.10.2018, Jeju, Korea
4. ISSCA Meeting,Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell  in Orthopaedics, 23.02.2019, 

Casablanca, Morocco

1. Second Balkan Foot and Ankle Meeting, 9 – 11 Mayıs 2019, Inter Expo Center, Sofia 

National Orthopaedic Courses Attended

1. 1.Paediatric Orthopaedic Courses, Turkish Paediatric Orthopaedics Society

     9-11 October 1998,Istanbul, Turkey.

1. 2.Paediatric Orthopaedic Courses, Turkish Paediatric Orthopaedics Society

1-3 October 1999,Istanbul, Turkey.

1. 3.Paediatric Orthopaedic Courses, Turkish Paediatric Orthopaedics Society

13-15 October 2000,Istanbul, Turkey.

1. 2.Skeletal Deformity Course, April 14-16, 2000, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul Medical School Hospital, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, 

Turkey

1. 5. Current concept in arthroscopy, 8-10 October 1999, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Baskent Medical School Hospital, University of Baskent, Ankara, Turkey.
2. 2.German-Turkish Congress of Paediatric Orthopaedics, May, 29-01,1998, Izmir, Turkey.
3. IV. Ilizarov Course ”basic”, April, 30, May-03, June, 1998, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cukurova Medical School Hospital, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey.
4. IV. Ilizarov Course ”advanced”, April 2-4, 1999, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cukurova Medical School Hospital, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey.
5. Recent Advances in Ilizarov Surgery, June 12-13, 1999, Courses given by Prof.D, Paley, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul Medical School Hospital, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
6. Orthopaedic Infections, April 16-17, 1998, Turkish Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
7. Earthquake Injuries, April 27-28, 2000, Turkish Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey.
8. Advances in treatment of children with cerebral palsy, June 22, 2000, Courses given by Prof.J,Dormans, Metin Sabancı Center for Spastic Children, Istanbul, Turkey.
9. Spina Bifida, February 26, 2000. Turkish Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, Istanbul, Turkey.
10. XVII. National Orthopaedy and Traumatology Congress, October 24-29, 2001, Turkish Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Antalya.

     15. Serebral Palsi’de Güncel Mültidisipliner Yaklaşım Simpozyumu II, 17 Aralık   

           2004, Pediatrik Ortopedi Derneği, İstanbul.

      16.Coxarthrosis, 3. Derviş Manizade Days, November 19-20, 2004, Department of     

           Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical School Hospital,       

            University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.

     17. Gait patterns in lower extremity malalignment and treatment options. December 25,  

            2004, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul Medical 

            School Hospital, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

18. V.Paediatric Orthopaedic Courses, Turkish Paediatric Orthopaedics Society

     March 18-20, 2005, Istanbul, Turkey.

19. XIX. National Orthopaedy and Traumatology Congress, May 14-19, 2005, Turkish   

     Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Antalya, Turkey

      20. Contemporary fixation methods, April 7-8, 2006, XXV.Akif Şakir Şakar     

     Days, Turkish Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey.

      21. Current concept in the treatment of developmental displasia of the hip. Courses given 

             by Prof.D.Tonnis. Baltalimani Education and Research Hospital, Department of     

            Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology 13-14 October 2006, İstanbul, Turkey

22. Foot and Ankle Diseases Symposium. 2 November 2006, Department of Orthopaedic 

     Surgery and Traumatology, Antalya Medical School Hospital, University of Akdeniz, 

     Antalya, Turkey.

23. Ankle Arthroscopy Course “basic”, 3-4 November 2006, Department of Orthopaedic 

     Surgery and Traumatology, Antalya Medical School Hospital, University of Akdeniz, 

     Antalya, Turkey.

24. Pediatric Knee Problems Symposium, TOTBİD, 15-16 June 2007, Istanbul.

25. PEV-DDH Course TOTBİD, Yeditepe University Tıp Fakültesi, Ortopedi ve 

     Travmatoloji Kliniği, İstanbul.

26. Foot and Ankle Surgery Course, TOTBİD, 14-15 Eylül 2007, İstanbul 

     Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, İstanbul.

27. AO Masters Symposium Orthopaedic Trauma Update: Current Concepts in Fracture 

     Management, 28-29 Eylül 2007, AO Türkiye, Amerikan Hastanesi, İstanbul.

28. Pes Equinovarus 

TOTDER Sürekli Eğitim Toplantıları, Sağlık Bakanlığı İstanbul Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, 13 Ocak 2007, İstanbul.

     29. Kompartmant Syndrom 

TOTDER Sürekli Eğitim Toplantıları, Sağlık Bakanlığı Taksim Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, 06 Ekim 2007, İstanbul.

      30. XX. National Orthopaedy and Traumatology Congress

       (Prof.. Dr. Rıdvan Ege Onuruna), 23-28 October, 2007, Ankara.

 31. II.Turkish Talipes Equinovarus Course: Ponseti Method (eğitmen olarak), 

       Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, 16-17 November, 2007, Istanbul

      32. IV.Pediatric Hip Ultrasound Course: Graf Method (eğitmen olarak), 

Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, 15-17 February, 2008, Istanbul

     33. Botulinum Toksin Course

Yeditepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, 30 April 2008, Istanbul.

      34. 4.Ortopedi Buluşması

Türk Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Birliği Derneği, 23-27 Nisan 2008, Antalya.

1. III.Türk Talipes Equinovarus Kursu: Ponseti Yöntemi (eğitmen olarak) 

Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, November, 2010, Istanbul.

1. III.National “Cerebral Palsy” and Developmental Disorders Congress
2. November 2009, Istanbul.
3. Adölesan Kalça Sorunlarında Eklem Koruyucu Cerrahi Teknikler Sempozyumu
4. June, 2009, Ankara.
5. Omuz ve Dirsek Cerrahisi Derneği Çekirdek Müfredat Eğitim Programı Kursu
6. October 2009, Ankara.
7. “Radius and Ulna Proksimal Trauma”

6.Uludağ Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Günleri, El Cerrahisi Toplantısı

1. March 2012, Bursa.
2. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip/ Pes Equinovarus Course (eğitmen olarak)

Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, 18-19 October 2014, Afyon

1. 10.Ayak ve Ayak Bileği Cerrahisi Eğitim Toplantısı

TOTBİD Ayak ve Ayak Bileği Cerrahisi Şubesi, 9-10 October 2015, Istanbul.

1. XV. Ulusal Türk Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kongresi

TOTBID, 27 October-1 November 2015, Antalya.

1. XII.Uludağ Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Günleri

XIII.Artroplasti Kış Toplantısı

26 February-1 March 2015, Bursa.

1. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip/ Pes Equinovarus Course (eğitmen olarak)

Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, 7-8 March 2015, Izmir

1. Ortopedide Nöropatik Ağrı

28 October 2015, Istanbul.

1. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip/ Pes Equinovarus Course (eğitmen olarak)

Paediatric Orthopaedics Society, 19-20 December 2015, Istanbul.

1. 6.Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji İstanbul Buluşması

12-15 May 2016, Istanbul.

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2015; 49 (6): 648-653.

Orthopaedic publications in national peer reviewed journals

1. Metatarsus varus deformity and its treatment by metatarsal osteotomy

      A.Erdem Bagatur, Ahmet Dogan, Gazi Zorer

     Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2001; 35:245-251.

1. Trendelenburg gait and its treatment by trochanteric advancement.

      A.Erdem Bagatur, Ahmet Dogan, Gazi Zorer

     Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2001; 35:336-341.

1. Correction of deformities and length discrepancies of the forearm in children

            by distraction  osteogenesis.

     A.Erdem Bagatur, Ahmet Dogan, Gazi Zorer

      Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2002; 36:111-116.

1. The Effect of Posterior Deltoid Ligament Release on Dorsiflexion Capacity of the Foot in Clubfoot Treated with Complete Subtalar Release. 

      Ahmet Dogan, A.Erdem Bagatur, Gazi Zorer

            Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2002, 36: 248-255.

1. Locked intramedullary nailing in humeral shaft fractures

Yusuf Ozturkmen, Cemal Dogrul, Ahmet Dogan, Mahmut Karli

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2002; 8(3): 164-169

1. Dennyson-Fulford subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis in the treatment of paralytic pes planovalgus and its value in the alignment of the foot

Gazi Zorer, A.Erdem Bagatur, Ahmet Dogan, Tayyar Unlu

           Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2003; 37: 162-69. 

1. Comparison between the efficacies of two different methods of preparing Esmarch

bandages for sterilization

            Ahmet Dogan, Mehmet Albayrak, I.Erhan Mumcuoglu

            Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2005;39:437-40

1. Triple arthrodesis in rigid foot deformities and the effect of internal fixation on 

clinical and radiographic results

           Ahmet Dogan, Mehmet Albayrak, Fatih Ugur,  Gazi Zorer

           Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2006;40:220-7

       8. Traumatic obturator hip dislocation in a five-year-old boy: open reduction after a

            six-weeks delay in diagnosis.

           Mehmet Albayrak, Ahmet Dogan, Y.Bilge Surel

           Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2006;40:260-3.

       9. The results of calcaneal lengthening osteotomy for the treatment of flexible pes 

          planovalgus and evaluation of alignment of the foot

          Ahmet Dogan, Mehmet Albayrak, Y. Emre Akman, Gazi Zorer

          Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2006;40(5):356-366

    10.  İdiyopatik karpal tünel sendromlu hastalarda transvers karpal ligaman ve fleksör   

            tenosinovyum örneklerinde histopatolojik çalışma

A.Erdem Bagatur, Sergulen Dervisoglu, Mehmet Albayrak, Ahmet Dogan, I.Erhan Mumcuoglu, Gazi Zorer

Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Derg. 2006; 17(2):72-78. 

          24th EPOS Meeting 2005,  April 6-9, 2005, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Dr. M. Kerem Canbora ist ein erfahrener Chirurg für Orthopädie und Kniegelenkersatz mit über 20 Jahren Erfahrung. Er ist Spezialist für Schulterarthroskopie, Kniegelenksersatz, Hüftgelenksersatz und Ellbogenchirurgie und Mitglied der Türkischen Gesellschaft für Schulter- und Ellenbogenchirurgie und der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Schulter- und Ellenbogenchirurgie. Er absolvierte seine Ausbildung am Haydarpaşa Numune Hospital Training and Research Hospital und an der Harvard Medical School.

Bildung

• Medizinische Fakultät, Ben-Gurion-Universität, Beer Sheva.
• School of Continuing Education, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Tel Aviv.
• Medizinische Fakultät der Ben-Gurion-Universität - Dissertation - mit Auszeichnung.
• Dr. Bernard Zwickel Stiftung - Dissertation - Cum Laude.
• Hervorragende Phase-B-Prüfungen in orthopädischer Chirurgie

Spezialisierung

Orthopädische Abteilung B, Tel Aviv Medical Center

Anerkannte Erfahrung

Facharzt für Orthopädische Chirurgie

Die Weiterbildung

• Niederländisches Zentrum für Orthopädie und Arthritis, Universität Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Kanada
• Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Kanada

Klinische Erfahrung

• Spezialisierung auf Orthopädische Chirurgie, Orthopädische Abteilung B, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Ichilov
• Abteilung für fortgeschrittene Orthopädie, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Kanada
• Leitender Arzt, Orthopädische Abteilung B, Abteilung für Schulterchirurgie, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Ichilov
• Direktor der Abteilung für Schulterchirurgie, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Ichilov

Akademische Erfahrung

Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Tel Aviv.

Konferenzteilnahme

Etwa 100 Vorträge auf wissenschaftlichen Konferenzen

Gemeinschaftsmitgliedsschaft

• Mitglied der Ärztekammer
• Sekretär der Israel Shoulder Society (2010-2012)
• Vorsitzender der Israel Shoulder Society (2015-2017)

Interessensgebiete und Aktivitäten

• Arthroskopische Operationen
• Schulterersatz
• Schulterfrakturen und Luxationen

Education and Expertise

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine - 2010

İstanbul Metin Sabancı Baltalimanı Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital – Orthopedics and Traumatology – 2016

Work experiences

Private Family Hospital

Private Atakoy Hospital

Sancaktepe Health Center

Baltalimanı Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital

Diyarbakir Selahaddin Eyyubi State Hospital

Subjects He Is Competent And Interested In:

Knee Calcification

Knee pain

Meniscus Tear

Knee Ligament Injuries

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Neck pain

Orthopedic Diseases

Shoulder Instability

Shoulder Dislocation

Shoulder pain

Meniscus

Recurrent Shoulder Dislocations

Hip and Knee Prosthesis

surgeon. Dr. Serdar Karaman graduated from İnönü University Faculty of Medicine. Subsequently, he completed his specialist training in Orthopedics and Traumatology at İnönü University. His previous experiences include Elbistan State Hospital and İnönü University. 

Areas of particular interest: Hand surgery, sports surgery, arthroplasty, cartilage injuries, pediatric orthopedics, foot and ankle surgery, arthroscopic surgeries, lengthening surgeries and pelvic fractures.



Scientific Publications

Articles Published in International Refereed Journals: 1. Which is more dangerous, earthquake, or the panic? Evaluation of the 24 January 2020 Elazig/Türkiye earthquake related musculoskeletal injuries. E Ergen, O Kaya, Ö Yılmaz, HU Özdeş, ÖC Batur, S Karaman, İ Güzel, .Ulus Travma Emergency Surgery Derg 28 (9), 1335-1339 2. The Clinical Results of Tendon Transfers in Patients with Ulnar Palsy. S Karaman, S Ekrem, K Ertem. Journal of Medical Case Reports and Reviews 5 (6), 1144- 1152 3. Clinical results of endoprosthetic reconstructions in metastatic and primary bone tumors. R Sevimli, S Karaman. Medicine Science 11 (1), 199-203 4. A Case of Glomus Tumor in an Unusual Localization of Hand. S Ekrem, S Karaman, K Ertem, H Köse. Clin Case Rep Int. 2020; 4 1198 5. Spontaneous extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture after ironing. S Karaman, M Köroğlu, ZM Özdemir, K Ertem. Oral Presentations Presented at Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine 2020 National and International Congresses: 1. Medium and Long-Term Results of Patients to whom We Performed Microfracture for Knee Joint Cartilage Damage. Karaman S, Ergen E, Aslantürk O, Kılınç Ö. 30th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 9-14 November 2021. 2. Medium and Short-Term Results in Our Patients Treated with Reconstruction with Endoprosthesis After Resection for Malignant Bone Tumors. Sevimli R., Karaman S. Bone Joint 2021 Online Congress, Ankara, Turkey, 1 - 04 April 2021, p.82 3. Mid-Term Clinical Results of Surgical Treatment of Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint and Collateral Ligament Injuries. Karaman S., Ekrem S., Ertem K. 17th National Turkish Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Congress, Turkey, 16 - 20 November 2020 4. Mid-Term Results of Surgical Treatment of Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Collateral Ligament Injuries. Karaman S., Ekrem S., Ertem K., Aslantürk O. 17th National Turkish Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Congress (ONLINE), Turkey, 16 - 20 November 2020 5. Evaluation of Mid-Term Functional Results of Our Patients Who Had Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Kilinç Ö., Ertem K., Ergen E., Karaman S. 17th National Turkish Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Congress, Turkey, 16 - 20 November 2020 6. Retrospective Examination of Patients Treated Surgically Due to Carpal Bone Cyst. Karaman S., Ekrem S., Ertem K. 29th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 22 - 27 October 2019, vol.53, p.47 7. Streptococus Pneumonia in the Proximal Humerus in a Baby Presenting with Brachial Plexus Disorder Clinic Case Report of Osteomyelitis Due to Disease. Karaman S., Özdeş H. U., Gündüz E. 29th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 22 - 27 October 2019, vol.53, pp.152 8. Retrospective Examination of Mid-Term Results of Surgical Treatment of ThumbMmetacarpophalangeal JointCollateral Ligament Injuries. Karaman S., Ekrem S., Ertem K. 29th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 22 - 27 October 2019, vol.53, pp.139-140 9. Retrospective Examination of Patients Who Had Tendon Transfers Due to Ulnar Nerve Paralysis. Karaman S., Ekrem S., Ertem K. 29th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 22 - 27 October 2019, vol.53, p.139 10. Case Report of Radial Nerve Interference Between the Fracture Line in Supracondylar Humerus Fracture . Karaman S., Sağir A., Çoban İ., Sevimli R. 29th National Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 22 - 27 October 2019, vol.53, pp.147-148 11. Should We Have A Controlling Hip X-Ray In A Child Whom His Hip Ultrasonography Reported As Normal Previously? Ceylan M. F., Karaman S., Karakaplan M. 17th International Eastern Mediterranean Family Medicine Congress, Adana, Turkey 10 - 13 May 2018 12. Medico-Legal Examination Of Patients With Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip Treated Surgically Due To Late Diagnosis. Ceylan M. F., Karakaplan M., Karaman S. 17. 17th International Eastern Mediterranean Family Medicine Congress, Adana, Turkey, 10 - 13 May 2018 13. Does The Implemented "Developmental Dysplasia Early Screening Program" Reduced The Need For Surgical Treatment? Ceylan M. F., Karakaplan M., Karaman S., Kaya R. 17th international eastern mediterranean family medicine congress, Adana, Turkey, 10 - 13 May 2018 14. Shoulder Septic Arthritis Occurring In Newborn With Brachial Plexus Paralysis Clinic; Case Report Presentation. Yıldırım E, Karaman S. 16th National Congress of the Turkish Society for Surgery of the Hand and Upper Extremity and 5th National Congress of the Hand Therapist Society Abstract Supplement. May 6-9 2018, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey. Hand Microsurg 2018;7: Suppl1. P.47

• Bildung
• Medizinische Fakultät: Medizinische Fakultät Sackler, Universität Tel Aviv
• Spezialisierung
• Orthopädische Chirurgie, Orthopädische Abteilung, Tel Aviv Medical Center
• Anerkannte Erfahrung
• Orthopädische Operation
• Schulterchirurgie und Sportverletzungen
• Zusätzliche Ausbildung
• 2013 - Orthopädisches Sportstipendium, University of Toronto, Kanada
• 2015 - Stipendium im ESSKA S&N International Scholarship for Arthroscopy
• Klinische Erfahrung
• Operation bei Schulterinstabilität (Luxation).
• Operation zur Reparatur einer gerissenen Sehne (verdrehter Ärmel) der Schulter
• Schulterersatzchirurgie (anatomische Schulter, invertierte Schulter)
• Chirurgie zur Wiederherstellung und Korrektur von Frakturen und Luxationen des Schultergürtels (Homer, Schulterblatt, Schulterdach, Schädeldach, Akromioklavikulargelenk)
• Akademische Erfahrung
• Außerordentlicher Professor für klinische Medizin, Sackler School of Medicine, Universität Tel Aviv
• Konferenzteilnahme
• Etwa 50 Vorträge auf wissenschaftlichen Konferenzen
• Fachpublikationen
• Etwa 80 Fachpublikationen. Publikationsliste auf der Pubmed-Website
• Gemeinschaftsmitgliedsschaft
• American Association of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery ASES
• Europäische Vereinigung für arthroskopische Chirurgie ESSKA
• Israelische Gesellschaft für Schulter- und Ellenbogenchirurgie
• Interessensgebiete und Aktivitäten
• Medizinische Ausbildung und medizinische Modellierung
• Begründer des Studiengangs Arthroskopische Schulter- und Kniechirurgie am Technologie- und Simulationszentrum.
• Begründer eines Fachkurses für Frühe Orthopädische Chirurgie.
• Verantwortlich für das Spezialisierungsprogramm in orthopädischer Chirurgie am Tel Aviv Medical Center, Ichilov Hospital.