Dr. Eserdag has specialized in obstetrics and gynecology for the last 25 years and is one of the pioneers of aesthetic gynecology in Europe. Based mainly in Istanbul, and also in Ankara and Izmir, Turkey.
He trained at Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health and Educational Hospital, the largest maternity hospital in Turkey.
Dr. Eserdag, in 2014, passed the board exam organized by the European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM) and the European Federation of Sexology (EFS) to become Turkey's one of first “Fellow of European Committee of Sexual Medicine” (FECSM) gynecologists.
In 2015, he established the “HERA Vaginismus Treatment, Education and Research Association”, the first national non-governmental organization in the field of vaginismus. He trained physicians and health professionals within the scope of this association.
Dr. Eserdag has received training from many leaders in the field during his vaginismus and genital aesthetics journey that started in the early 2000s. He acquired unique training experiences from some of the world’s most renowned experts when aesthetic genital surgery was in its infancy. Prof Adam Ostrzenski (Florida / USA-2011),ECAMS (Athens / Greece-2015),and Dr. Red Alinsod (California / USA-2016) are some of the mentors and organizations that he received training from. Through his own pioneering work, artistic skill and focus, he has refined and modified several techniques in order to offer to his patients the most effective treatments and the most beautiful results.
Assoc. Prof Eserdag is the inventor of the techniques of Inverted-Y Plasty procedure in clitoral hoodoplasty operations and Vestibulo-Introital Tightening Technique (VITT) in hymenoplasty surgeries in the literature. Many national and international studies of him on vaginismus have also been published in peer-reviewed journals. Dr. Süleyman Eserdağ has more than 25 international articles, most of which are published in pubmed list and SCI journals.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eserdag became a senior faculty member at ECAMS (European College of Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery) based in Ireland in 2015. Between 2015 and 2017, he gave hands-on genital aesthetics courses in Istanbul and in Vienna.
In 2017, he left this faculty and founded “ISAGSS (International Society of Aesthetic Genital Surgery and Sexology)”. In this association within the scope, Turkey, Northern Cyprus, India, Pakistan, UAE, Azerbaijan, The Philippines and Indonesia in as many countries, has provided one to one training of more than 1000 physicians from different countries. He organized two International RAGSS (Reconstructive Aesthetic Genital Surgery and Sexology) congresses in Istanbul in 2018 and 2019.
He was awarded the ‘Global Health Hero’ by StemMAX (International Stem Cell Association) on April 30, 2021.
Assoc. Prof. Süleyman Eserdağ, MD is a member of the scientific committee of ‘International Association of Aesthetic Gynecology and Sexual Wellness (IAAGSW)’. He is an active member of ESSM (European Society of Sexual Medicine) and ISSM (International Society for Sexual Medicine). He also works as a part-time lecturer at Altinbas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
In 2020, he published the book “Sexual Medicine and Genital Aesthetics”, which he shared the editorship with two colleagues.
In 2021, he published the book “Female Aesthetic and Functional Genital Surgery”. This book has become the first book published in Turkey specifically in the genital aesthetics field, raised to much global interest, and after two months it’s been printed in English. In 2023, second edition of this book has been published by Springer bookstore (Switzerland).
He also wrote many chapters for international and national books. The books of “Basic Principles in Gynecology”, “Obstetric and Gynecological Emergencies”, “Sexual Medicine and Genital Aesthetics”, “Urology Practical Tips”, “Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Pelvic Health, Before and After Menopause”, and “Menopause” are some of them.
Mehr lesenDr. Eserdag has specialized in obstetrics and gynecology for the last 25 years and is one of the pioneers of aesthetic gynecology in Europe. Based mainly in Istanbul, and also in Ankara and Izmir, Turkey.
He trained at Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health and Educational Hospital, the largest maternity hospital in Turkey.
Dr. Eserdag, in 2014, passed the board exam organized by the European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM) and the European Federation of Sexology (EFS) to become Turkey's one of first “Fellow of European Committee of Sexual Medicine” (FECSM) gynecologists.
In 2015, he established the “HERA Vaginismus Treatment, Education and Research Association”, the first national non-governmental organization in the field of vaginismus. He trained physicians and health professionals within the scope of this association.
Dr. Eserdag has received training from many leaders in the field during his vaginismus and genital aesthetics journey that started in the early 2000s. He acquired unique training experiences from some of the world’s most renowned experts when aesthetic genital surgery was in its infancy. Prof Adam Ostrzenski (Florida / USA-2011),ECAMS (Athens / Greece-2015),and Dr. Red Alinsod (California / USA-2016) are some of the mentors and organizations that he received training from. Through his own pioneering work, artistic skill and focus, he has refined and modified several techniques in order to offer to his patients the most effective treatments and the most beautiful results.
Assoc. Prof Eserdag is the inventor of the techniques of Inverted-Y Plasty procedure in clitoral hoodoplasty operations and Vestibulo-Introital Tightening Technique (VITT) in hymenoplasty surgeries in the literature. Many national and international studies of him on vaginismus have also been published in peer-reviewed journals. Dr. Süleyman Eserdağ has more than 25 international articles, most of which are published in pubmed list and SCI journals.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eserdag became a senior faculty member at ECAMS (European College of Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery) based in Ireland in 2015. Between 2015 and 2017, he gave hands-on genital aesthetics courses in Istanbul and in Vienna.
In 2017, he left this faculty and founded “ISAGSS (International Society of Aesthetic Genital Surgery and Sexology)”. In this association within the scope, Turkey, Northern Cyprus, India, Pakistan, UAE, Azerbaijan, The Philippines and Indonesia in as many countries, has provided one to one training of more than 1000 physicians from different countries. He organized two International RAGSS (Reconstructive Aesthetic Genital Surgery and Sexology) congresses in Istanbul in 2018 and 2019.
He was awarded the ‘Global Health Hero’ by StemMAX (International Stem Cell Association) on April 30, 2021.
Assoc. Prof. Süleyman Eserdağ, MD is a member of the scientific committee of ‘International Association of Aesthetic Gynecology and Sexual Wellness (IAAGSW)’. He is an active member of ESSM (European Society of Sexual Medicine) and ISSM (International Society for Sexual Medicine). He also works as a part-time lecturer at Altinbas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
In 2020, he published the book “Sexual Medicine and Genital Aesthetics”, which he shared the editorship with two colleagues.
In 2021, he published the book “Female Aesthetic and Functional Genital Surgery”. This book has become the first book published in Turkey specifically in the genital aesthetics field, raised to much global interest, and after two months it’s been printed in English. In 2023, second edition of this book has been published by Springer bookstore (Switzerland).
He also wrote many chapters for international and national books. The books of “Basic Principles in Gynecology”, “Obstetric and Gynecological Emergencies”, “Sexual Medicine and Genital Aesthetics”, “Urology Practical Tips”, “Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Pelvic Health, Before and After Menopause”, and “Menopause” are some of them.
Prof. Dr. Erdem Akbal was born in 1978 in Kırıkkale. In 2015, he received training at the Johns Hopkins Hospital Advanced Endoscopy Unit, focusing on Endoscopic Ultrasonography and advanced endoscopic procedures. In 2017, he trained at the Amsterdam Academic Medical Center in techniques such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic mucosal resection, diffuse esophageal spasm, and endoscopic full-thickness resection for treating early-stage gastrointestinal system tumors. He also received training in high-resolution manometry and POEM (Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy) for diagnosing esophageal diseases like achalasia. In 2018, he furthered his education in ESD and Balloon Enteroscopy at Jichi University.
Mehr lesenProf. Dr. Erdem Akbal was born in 1978 in Kırıkkale. In 2015, he received training at the Johns Hopkins Hospital Advanced Endoscopy Unit, focusing on Endoscopic Ultrasonography and advanced endoscopic procedures. In 2017, he trained at the Amsterdam Academic Medical Center in techniques such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic mucosal resection, diffuse esophageal spasm, and endoscopic full-thickness resection for treating early-stage gastrointestinal system tumors. He also received training in high-resolution manometry and POEM (Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy) for diagnosing esophageal diseases like achalasia. In 2018, he furthered his education in ESD and Balloon Enteroscopy at Jichi University.
KTU Faculty of Medicine 2005-2011
Izmir Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery
2011-2017 Erzincan BY University Faculty of Medicine
2017-2023 Izmir University of Economics Medicalpark Hospital
AREAS OF INTEREST AND TREATMENT METHODS USED;
Spine Surgery
Lumbar hernias, (fully closed herniated disc surgery, microsurgery herniated disc surgery)
Cervical hernias (fully closed cervical disc herniation surgery, microsurgery cervical disc herniation surgery)
Spinal Fracture Treatment (open surgery and fully closed surgery = kyphoplasty vertebroplasty)
Scoliosis (Spine Curvatures)
Ankylosing Spondylitis (Hunchback)
Spine Tumors
Nerve Compression
Endoscopic (Closed Method) Brain Tumor Surgeries
Brain tumor surgery with neuronavigation
Brain Hemorrhages
Pain Intervention Procedures (Radiofrequency, Laser)
Hydrocephalus (accumulation of water in the brain)
Congenital Anomalies
Minimally Invasive Procedures and Head Traumas.
Mehr lesenKTU Faculty of Medicine 2005-2011
Izmir Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery
2011-2017 Erzincan BY University Faculty of Medicine
2017-2023 Izmir University of Economics Medicalpark Hospital
AREAS OF INTEREST AND TREATMENT METHODS USED;
Spine Surgery
Lumbar hernias, (fully closed herniated disc surgery, microsurgery herniated disc surgery)
Cervical hernias (fully closed cervical disc herniation surgery, microsurgery cervical disc herniation surgery)
Spinal Fracture Treatment (open surgery and fully closed surgery = kyphoplasty vertebroplasty)
Scoliosis (Spine Curvatures)
Ankylosing Spondylitis (Hunchback)
Spine Tumors
Nerve Compression
Endoscopic (Closed Method) Brain Tumor Surgeries
Brain tumor surgery with neuronavigation
Brain Hemorrhages
Pain Intervention Procedures (Radiofrequency, Laser)
Hydrocephalus (accumulation of water in the brain)
Congenital Anomalies
Minimally Invasive Procedures and Head Traumas.
Dr. Serbülent ORHANER 1956 Ankara 1979 Hacettepe University faculty of medicine 1979-1980 Ankara Bala and Kırşehir Health center physician 1980-1984 Specailist education HU Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department Ankara 1984-1990 kırklareli state hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology specialist Kırklareli 1990-1994 Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department, associated Professor EDİRNE
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Dr. Serbülent ORHANER 1956 Ankara 1979 Hacettepe University faculty of medicine 1979-1980 Ankara Bala and Kırşehir Health center physician 1980-1984 Specailist education HU Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department Ankara 1984-1990 kırklareli state hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology specialist Kırklareli 1990-1994 Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department, associated Professor EDİRNE
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Dr. Aydın ORHANER
1984 Ankara
2009 Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
2016 specialisation education Ege University Faculty of Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology Department
2020 Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department In Vitro Fertilisation Physician certification education
2020 Soranus IVF Center
Mehr lesenDr. Aydın ORHANER
1984 Ankara
2009 Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
2016 specialisation education Ege University Faculty of Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology Department
2020 Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology department In Vitro Fertilisation Physician certification education
2020 Soranus IVF Center
After his 1976 education at Kabataş Boys’ High School and 1982 undergraduate education at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Sabuncu started working as a Paediatric Specialist at Zeynep Kamil Gynaecology and Paediatrics Hospital in 1995 and took part in various medical congresses in Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, and Iran in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2010.
In 2012, after completing his duty at Zeynep Kamil Hospital Paediatrics Clinic, Sabuncu received a Neonatal Rescue Certificate in 2019 and has been working at Natural Clinic since 2021.After his 1976 education at Kabataş Boys’ High School and 1982 undergraduate education at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Sabuncu started working as a Paediatric Specialist at Zeynep Kamil Gynaecology and Paediatrics Hospital in 1995 and took part in various medical congresses in Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, and Iran in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2010.
In 2012, after completing his duty at Zeynep Kamil Hospital Paediatrics Clinic, Sabuncu received a Neonatal Rescue Certificate in 2019 and has been working at Natural Clinic since 2021.
After his 1976 education at Kabataş Boys’ High School and 1982 undergraduate education at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Sabuncu started working as a Paediatric Specialist at Zeynep Kamil Gynaecology and Paediatrics Hospital in 1995 and took part in various medical congresses in Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, and Iran in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2010.
In 2012, after completing his duty at Zeynep Kamil Hospital Paediatrics Clinic, Sabuncu received a Neonatal Rescue Certificate in 2019 and has been working at Natural Clinic since 2021.After his 1976 education at Kabataş Boys’ High School and 1982 undergraduate education at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Sabuncu started working as a Paediatric Specialist at Zeynep Kamil Gynaecology and Paediatrics Hospital in 1995 and took part in various medical congresses in Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, and Iran in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2010.
In 2012, after completing his duty at Zeynep Kamil Hospital Paediatrics Clinic, Sabuncu received a Neonatal Rescue Certificate in 2019 and has been working at Natural Clinic since 2021.
Dr Ozates was born in 1966 in Birecik district of Sanliurfa in Turkey. He completed his primary and secondary education in my hometown, Birecik. He got into Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine in 1983. After 6 years of successful education, he started Radiology education at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine by passing the Medical Specialization Examination (TUS) in the same year I graduated in 1989.
Between 1993 and 1995, he worked as a Radiology Specialist in various hospitals in Gaziantep. He passed the Assistant Professorship exam and started to work as a faculty member at Dicle University in 1995.
Post-Specialization Trainings:
2003, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Ankara
2003, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Istanbul
2001-2004, ESNR European Course of Neuroradiology (3 Semesters)
1997, Johns Hopkins University, Neuroradiology, Baltimore, USA
1997, Cornell University, Neuroradiology, New York, USA
1996, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Istanbul
1994, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, İzmir
1993, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Bursa
1993, UCLA Medical Center (as visitor), Los Angles, USA
1992-1993, Maçka EMAR, Dr. Murat Dinçer, Istanbul
His Academic Studies:
International Publications: 23
International Papers: 27
National Publications: 45
National Papers: 48
Conferences: 11
Citations: 210 Scientific Publications (Average Citations per Item: 10.50, h-index: 9), USA edition 1 Book, Various Conferences
Scientific Organizations he is a member of:
European Society of Radiology (ESR)
Turkish Radiology Association (TRD)
Magnetic Resonance Association
Istanbul Medical Chamber (ITO)
Turkish Neuroradiology Association
In 2003, he was awarded the title of Associate Professor with the examination held at Marmara University Faculty of Medicine. In 2005-2013, Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital Radiology Clinic Chief, Training and Administrative Officer.
In 2013, he started to work as a professor at Nişantaşı University. On March 15, 2013, he was appointed as the Inter-University Board Representative for 1 year. He is a Member of the Board of Trustees of Ayvansaray University. He is a sub – specialist in “Pediatric Radiology”
His articles have been published in many magazines in Turkey and abroad. He presented written and oral presentations and gave conferences at congresses in various cities and countries.
As the Radiology Clinic Chief of Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, he is the first professor who performed Coronary CT Angiography in a state hospital in Istanbul.
He is one of Turkey’s first Children’s Radiology Specialist Minor. He did his military service between March and April 2000 at the 200-bed Malatya Military Hospital.
Mehr lesenDr Ozates was born in 1966 in Birecik district of Sanliurfa in Turkey. He completed his primary and secondary education in my hometown, Birecik. He got into Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine in 1983. After 6 years of successful education, he started Radiology education at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine by passing the Medical Specialization Examination (TUS) in the same year I graduated in 1989.
Between 1993 and 1995, he worked as a Radiology Specialist in various hospitals in Gaziantep. He passed the Assistant Professorship exam and started to work as a faculty member at Dicle University in 1995.
Post-Specialization Trainings:
2003, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Ankara
2003, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Istanbul
2001-2004, ESNR European Course of Neuroradiology (3 Semesters)
1997, Johns Hopkins University, Neuroradiology, Baltimore, USA
1997, Cornell University, Neuroradiology, New York, USA
1996, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Istanbul
1994, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, İzmir
1993, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, MRI Department, Bursa
1993, UCLA Medical Center (as visitor), Los Angles, USA
1992-1993, Maçka EMAR, Dr. Murat Dinçer, Istanbul
His Academic Studies:
International Publications: 23
International Papers: 27
National Publications: 45
National Papers: 48
Conferences: 11
Citations: 210 Scientific Publications (Average Citations per Item: 10.50, h-index: 9), USA edition 1 Book, Various Conferences
Scientific Organizations he is a member of:
European Society of Radiology (ESR)
Turkish Radiology Association (TRD)
Magnetic Resonance Association
Istanbul Medical Chamber (ITO)
Turkish Neuroradiology Association
In 2003, he was awarded the title of Associate Professor with the examination held at Marmara University Faculty of Medicine. In 2005-2013, Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital Radiology Clinic Chief, Training and Administrative Officer.
In 2013, he started to work as a professor at Nişantaşı University. On March 15, 2013, he was appointed as the Inter-University Board Representative for 1 year. He is a Member of the Board of Trustees of Ayvansaray University. He is a sub – specialist in “Pediatric Radiology”
His articles have been published in many magazines in Turkey and abroad. He presented written and oral presentations and gave conferences at congresses in various cities and countries.
As the Radiology Clinic Chief of Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, he is the first professor who performed Coronary CT Angiography in a state hospital in Istanbul.
He is one of Turkey’s first Children’s Radiology Specialist Minor. He did his military service between March and April 2000 at the 200-bed Malatya Military Hospital.
Professor Dr. Selman Lacin graduated from the Faculty of Gulhane Military Medical Academy In 1988 and was a resident in Obstetrics and Gynecology in Izmir Dokuz Eylul University in between 1991 and 1996.
Prof. Dr.Selman Laçin, began as an assistant professor at the University of Celal Bayar of Manisa, has taken the degree of Associate Professor in 2002. After 8 years in academic medicine, he moved to Istanbul.
He worked for different periods in Swedish Karolinska Institute,Department of OB / GYN, Israel Tel-Aviv University, assisted reproduction and IVF Center and Gulhane Military Medical Academy of IVF Center .
There are over 80 articles published in scientific journals at home and abroad and scientific contribution to the writing of the many books.
Between 2004 - 2007, he worked at the Istanbul Memorial Hospital IVF Center.
He established and directed the Medical Park Hospital IVF Center during 2007 - 2008. He began working in Medicana Health Group in 2008.
Professor Laçin is the member of many professional and social organizations at home and abroad.His main areas of interest are Hormonal Disorders, Infertility, IVF and Gynecologic Endoscopic (laparoscopic and hysteroscopic) Surgery.
Prof. Dr. Selman Laçin is now the director of the Medicana International Hospital IVF Center in Beylikduzu, İstanbul, Turkey
Professor Dr. Selman Lacin graduated from the Faculty of Gulhane Military Medical Academy In 1988 and was a resident in Obstetrics and Gynecology in Izmir Dokuz Eylul University in between 1991 and 1996.
Prof. Dr.Selman Laçin, began as an assistant professor at the University of Celal Bayar of Manisa, has taken the degree of Associate Professor in 2002. After 8 years in academic medicine, he moved to Istanbul.
He worked for different periods in Swedish Karolinska Institute,Department of OB / GYN, Israel Tel-Aviv University, assisted reproduction and IVF Center and Gulhane Military Medical Academy of IVF Center .
There are over 80 articles published in scientific journals at home and abroad and scientific contribution to the writing of the many books.
Between 2004 - 2007, he worked at the Istanbul Memorial Hospital IVF Center.
He established and directed the Medical Park Hospital IVF Center during 2007 - 2008. He began working in Medicana Health Group in 2008.
Professor Laçin is the member of many professional and social organizations at home and abroad.His main areas of interest are Hormonal Disorders, Infertility, IVF and Gynecologic Endoscopic (laparoscopic and hysteroscopic) Surgery.
Prof. Dr. Selman Laçin is now the director of the Medicana International Hospital IVF Center in Beylikduzu, İstanbul, Turkey
| Arztbesuch | preis auf anfrage |
| Strahlentherapie | $2000 - $4500 |
| Strahlentherapie bei Prostatakrebs | $2000 - $4500 |
| Gamma-Messer | $4000 - $4500 |
| Arztbesuch | preis auf anfrage |
| Strahlentherapie | $2000 - $4500 |
| Strahlentherapie bei Prostatakrebs | $2000 - $4500 |
| Gamma-Messer | $4000 - $4500 |
Dr. X ist ein medizinischer Onkologe mit über 30 Jahren Erfahrung. Er hat eine medizinische Ausbildung von der Universität Istanbul, Spezialisierung auf Innere Medizin, und eine Spezialisierung auf medizinische Onkologie vom Institut für Onkologie der Universität Istanbul. Er ist Mitglied der Medical Oncology Association, Lung Cancers Association, ESMO, ASCO und Istanbul Medical Chamber.
Mehr lesenDr. X ist ein medizinischer Onkologe mit über 30 Jahren Erfahrung. Er hat eine medizinische Ausbildung von der Universität Istanbul, Spezialisierung auf Innere Medizin, und eine Spezialisierung auf medizinische Onkologie vom Institut für Onkologie der Universität Istanbul. Er ist Mitglied der Medical Oncology Association, Lung Cancers Association, ESMO, ASCO und Istanbul Medical Chamber.
Assoz. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Ertugrul ist Gastroenterologe mit den Spezialgebieten ERCP, Lebertransplantation, Gastroskopie, endoskopische Operationen, Leberbiopsie, Lebererkrankungen, Gallengangserkrankungen und Reflux. Er ist Absolvent der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Istanbul und spezialisiert auf Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie. Er ist Mitglied der Turkish Gastroenterology Association, der Turkish Liver Research Association und der Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Association.
Mehr lesenAssoz. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Ertugrul ist Gastroenterologe mit den Spezialgebieten ERCP, Lebertransplantation, Gastroskopie, endoskopische Operationen, Leberbiopsie, Lebererkrankungen, Gallengangserkrankungen und Reflux. Er ist Absolvent der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Istanbul und spezialisiert auf Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie. Er ist Mitglied der Turkish Gastroenterology Association, der Turkish Liver Research Association und der Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Association.