{"key":"op_400_IT","page":{"url":"https://de.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=ivf-with-gender-selection/","procedure":{"id":400,"slug":"ivf-with-gender-selection","name":"IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"therapy","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"reproductology","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":127,"iso":"IT","name":"Italien"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-02"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://de.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=ivf-with-gender-selection/","cost_url":"https://de.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=ivf-with-gender-selection/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":6500,"to":10000,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":20000,"to":29000},"uk":{"from":8800,"to":15500},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Mailand","from":6200}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":5800,"to":6800},{"country_iso":"FR","from":6500,"to":10500},{"country_iso":"GB","from":8800,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"US","from":20000,"to":29000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":9800,"to":14800},{"country_iso":"TR","from":4000,"to":6000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":15500,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"DE","from":6500,"to":10000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":14500,"to":21000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":16000,"to":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"country_iso":"TH","from":13300,"to":13500},{"country_iso":"PL","from":3400,"to":8200},{"country_iso":"KR","from":8500,"to":13500},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":4200,"to":6500},{"country_iso":"AT","from":8200,"to":12800},{"country_iso":"ES","from":7800,"to":9800},{"country_iso":"CN","from":5500,"to":19000},{"country_iso":"AU","from":8500,"to":14000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":4500,"to":7200},{"country_iso":"MY","from":7500,"to":12000},{"country_iso":"VN","from":6500,"to":11000},{"country_iso":"BR","from":9000,"to":14000},{"country_iso":"AZ","from":4400,"to":7000},{"country_iso":"CP","from":4500,"to":6800},{"country_iso":"CY","from":5500,"to":7800},{"country_iso":"EG","from":4400,"to":7000}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":68,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":1,"items":[{"id":303,"name":"San Raffaele","city":"Milan","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":71,"accreditations":["Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare Accrediatation","World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Performs 2,000 IVF cycles annually, with specialized consultations to assess and tailor treatment plans for gender selection.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":353,"slug":"milan","name":"Mailand","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":6200,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Lombardy","access":["Malpensa Airport (MXP), 49 km from Milan","Linate Airport (LIN), 7 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan_Malpensa_Airport","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linate_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Infertility requiring IVF with embryo sex selection","Preventing X-linked disease by selecting unaffected-sex embryos"],"contraindications":["Pregnancy","Uterine cavity abnormality preventing pregnancy, until treated","Severe active ovarian hyperstimulation risk (relative; may need freeze-all)","Uncontrolled systemic illness making pregnancy unsafe (cardiac, renal, hepatic)","Unexplored abnormal uterine bleeding or suspected gynecological malignancy","Very low ovarian reserve or poor response (relative)"],"operation_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":0.5,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Egg retrieval procedure only; ovarian stimulation takes about 10-14 days and embryo transfer is a separate short visit."},"anesthesia":["local_sedation"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":2,"max":2,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Egg retrieval and frozen embryo transfer as treatment procedures, excluding monitoring scans and follow-up checks; further cycles may be needed."},"stages":[{"code":"egg_retrieval","label":"Egg retrieval after ovarian stimulation, fertilization and embryo culture","after":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From start of stimulation."}},{"code":"embryo_biopsy_pgt","label":"Blastocyst biopsy, freezing and genetic testing including sex determination (laboratory stage)","after":{"min":15,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From start of stimulation; typically day 5-7 of embryo culture after retrieval."}},{"code":"frozen_embryo_transfer","label":"Transfer of a selected embryo of the chosen sex in a prepared cycle","after":{"min":40,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From egg retrieval; depends on test turnaround and cycle preparation."}}],"qualifier":"One IVF cycle with PGT and frozen transfer; further cycles may be needed."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Egg retrieval and embryo transfer are performed as day-case procedures without overnight stay."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after egg retrieval; no formal rehabilitation."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Fly 1-3 days after egg retrieval if no OHSS signs, pain or bleeding. Frozen transfer is a separate later visit."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Light or office work often resumes 1-2 days after retrieval; embryo transfer needs little or no time off."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Avoid strenuous exercise while ovaries are enlarged after retrieval; light activity is allowed earlier."},"final_result_months":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Birth about 9 months after successful transfer; lead-up is about 1-3 months. Failed first transfer adds time."},"result_longevity":"The result is permanent: a child born from a sex-selected embryo keeps that sex for life, and the procedure does not need to be maintained.","main_risks":["Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","Bleeding, infection or organ injury at egg retrieval (uncommon)","Risks of sedation","Multiple pregnancy if more than one embryo is transferred","Failure of stimulation, fertilization, embryo development or implantation","Biopsy-related embryo damage and rare testing errors or inconclusive results","Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":0.2,"max":1,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Major events per cycle: severe OHSS needing hospitalization or serious retrieval complications (each about 0.1-0.5%). Minor symptoms excluded."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":30,"max":50,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Share of patients needing a repeat stimulation cycle to obtain a euploid embryo of the chosen sex; rises with age."},"success":{"metric":"Live birth rate per single frozen euploid embryo transfer (sex-selected embryos)","value":56.7,"horizon":"Per transfer, to live birth","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"No visible scars are left, because egg retrieval is a transvaginal needle puncture and embryo transfer uses a catheter through the cervix.","pain":"Injections and monitoring cause mild discomfort; egg retrieval is done under sedation with mild to moderate cramping and bloating afterward. Embryo transfer is usually nearly painless.","preparation":["Fertility assessment of both partners (reserve, semen, uterus)","Infectious disease screening and general health check","Genetic counseling and confirmation of legal eligibility for sex selection","Ovarian stimulation with ultrasound and blood monitoring","Fasting before sedation for egg retrieval","Avoid smoking and alcohol; maintain healthy lifestyle"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Egg retrieval day","description":"Short observation after sedation, with mild cramping and bloating.","restrictions":["No driving after sedation","Rest for the day"]},{"phase":"Days 1-3 after retrieval","description":"Bloating and mild discomfort settle; ordinary activity resumes gradually. Seek care for severe pain, fainting, heavy bleeding or rapid weight gain.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise"]},{"phase":"Embryo biopsy and genetic testing","description":"Embryos are biopsied at blastocyst stage, frozen, and tested; results usually take days to a few weeks.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"phase":"Frozen embryo transfer","description":"Selected embryo is transferred in a subsequent prepared cycle, followed by a pregnancy test about 9-14 days later.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy exertion per clinic advice"]}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"conditional","after":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check after egg retrieval if symptoms occur; conditional on pain, bloating or other concerns."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":75,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of embryo genetic results and embryo sex before transfer planning; timing varies by lab."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the clinic's policy on nonmedical sex selection before treatment starts","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/disclosure-of-sex-when-incidentally-revealed-as-part-of-preimplantation-genetic-testing-pgt-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2018/","host":"asrm.org","quote":"Clinics should inform patients of these policies prior to initiating treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that consent to the procedure is informed and given without coercion","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/use-of-reproductive-technology-for-sex-selection-for-nonmedical-reasons-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2022","host":"asrm.org","quote":"providers should ensure that consent is informed and that patients are not subject to coercion in choosing the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you receive full counselling about the risks of the procedure","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/use-of-reproductive-technology-for-sex-selection-for-nonmedical-reasons-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2022","host":"asrm.org","quote":"she must be counseled fully about the risks of the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether the clinic has a national regulator and which laws it must follow","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"Ask your clinic if there's a national regulator or what laws they are required to follow.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check the clinic's multiple pregnancy rate","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"You should also ask about your clinic's multiple pregnancy rates.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check in advance how complaints are handled if something goes wrong","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"You should find out in advance how a complaint will be handled in the event that something goes wrong.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C7","text":"Check the clinic's record on standards and safety","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"What is the clinic’s record on standards and safety?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A price that sounds too good to be true probably is","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/articles/will-economic-uncertainty-drive-more-patients-overseas-for-plastic-surgery-what-to-consider-and-how-to-stretch-your-dollar-back-home","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"If the price sounds too good to be true, it probably is.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Difficulty breathing","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have difficulty breathing","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Very thirsty and peeing less than usual","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you're very thirsty and peeing less than usual (dehydration)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Swelling in any part of the body","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have swelling in any part of your body","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Pain and bloating in the tummy","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have pain and bloating in your tummy (abdomen)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W5","text":"Vaginal bleeding or brown watery discharge","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have vaginal bleeding or a brown watery discharge","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"therapy","fields":{"anesthesia":["local_sedation"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Light or office work often resumes 1-2 days after retrieval; embryo transfer needs little or no time off."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":0.2,"max":1,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Major events per cycle: severe OHSS needing hospitalization or serious retrieval complications (each about 0.1-0.5%). Minor symptoms excluded."},"contraindications":["Pregnancy","Uterine cavity abnormality preventing pregnancy, until treated","Severe active ovarian hyperstimulation risk (relative; may need freeze-all)","Uncontrolled systemic illness making pregnancy unsafe (cardiac, renal, hepatic)","Unexplored abnormal uterine bleeding or suspected gynecological malignancy","Very low ovarian reserve or poor response (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Egg retrieval and embryo transfer are performed as day-case procedures without overnight stay."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Avoid strenuous exercise while ovaries are enlarged after retrieval; light activity is allowed earlier."},"final_result_months":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Birth about 9 months after successful transfer; lead-up is about 1-3 months. Failed first transfer adds time."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Fly 1-3 days after egg retrieval if no OHSS signs, pain or bleeding. Frozen transfer is a separate later visit."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"conditional","after":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check after egg retrieval if symptoms occur; conditional on pain, bloating or other concerns."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":75,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of embryo genetic results and embryo sex before transfer planning; timing varies by lab."}}],"indications":["Infertility requiring IVF with embryo sex selection","Preventing X-linked disease by selecting unaffected-sex embryos"],"main_risks":["Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","Bleeding, infection or organ injury at egg retrieval (uncommon)","Risks of sedation","Multiple pregnancy if more than one embryo is transferred","Failure of stimulation, fertilization, embryo development or implantation","Biopsy-related embryo damage and rare testing errors or inconclusive results","Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage"],"pain":"Injections and monitoring cause mild discomfort; egg retrieval is done under sedation with mild to moderate cramping and bloating afterward. Embryo transfer is usually nearly painless.","preparation":["Fertility assessment of both partners (reserve, semen, uterus)","Infectious disease screening and general health check","Genetic counseling and confirmation of legal eligibility for sex selection","Ovarian stimulation with ultrasound and blood monitoring","Fasting before sedation for egg retrieval","Avoid smoking and alcohol; maintain healthy lifestyle"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Egg retrieval day","description":"Short observation after sedation, with mild cramping and bloating.","restrictions":["No driving after sedation","Rest for the day"]},{"phase":"Days 1-3 after retrieval","description":"Bloating and mild discomfort settle; ordinary activity resumes gradually. Seek care for severe pain, fainting, heavy bleeding or rapid weight gain.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise"]},{"phase":"Embryo biopsy and genetic testing","description":"Embryos are biopsied at blastocyst stage, frozen, and tested; results usually take days to a few weeks.","restrictions":[]},{"phase":"Frozen embryo transfer","description":"Selected embryo is transferred in a subsequent prepared cycle, followed by a pregnancy test about 9-14 days later.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy exertion per clinic advice"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after egg retrieval; no formal rehabilitation."},"result_longevity":"The result is permanent: a child born from a sex-selected embryo keeps that sex for life, and the procedure does not need to be maintained.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":30,"max":50,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Share of patients needing a repeat stimulation cycle to obtain a euploid embryo of the chosen sex; rises with age."},"scars":"No visible scars are left, because egg retrieval is a transvaginal needle puncture and embryo transfer uses a catheter through the cervix.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":2,"max":2,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Egg retrieval and frozen embryo transfer as treatment procedures, excluding monitoring scans and follow-up checks; further cycles may be needed."},"stages":[{"code":"egg_retrieval","label":"Egg retrieval after ovarian stimulation, fertilization and embryo culture","after":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From start of stimulation."}},{"code":"embryo_biopsy_pgt","label":"Blastocyst biopsy, freezing and genetic testing including sex determination (laboratory stage)","after":{"min":15,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From start of stimulation; typically day 5-7 of embryo culture after retrieval."}},{"code":"frozen_embryo_transfer","label":"Transfer of a selected embryo of the chosen sex in a prepared cycle","after":{"min":40,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From egg retrieval; depends on test turnaround and cycle preparation."}}],"qualifier":"One IVF cycle with PGT and frozen transfer; further cycles may be needed."},"success":{"metric":"Live birth rate per single frozen euploid embryo transfer (sex-selected embryos)","value":56.7,"unit":"percent","horizon":"Per transfer, to live birth","evidence_status":"limited","population":"IVF/ICSI with PGT-A, single frozen euploid transfer, both sexes available"},"techniques":[{"name":"IVF/ICSI with blastocyst biopsy and PGT-A (chromosomal screening with sex determination)","suits_whom":"Couples wanting aneuploidy screening with sex information, where legally permitted","recovery":"Same as egg retrieval; embryos frozen pending results."},{"name":"IVF with PGT-M and sex determination for X-linked disease","suits_whom":"Carriers of X-linked conditions","recovery":"Same as egg retrieval; longer test preparation may be needed."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":0.5,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Egg retrieval procedure only; ovarian stimulation takes about 10-14 days and embryo transfer is a separate short visit."},"initial_assessment_documents":["AMH and FSH blood test results","Recent pelvic ultrasound with antral follicle count","Partner's semen analysis","Previous IVF cycle reports (if available)","Genetic carrier report for X-linked condition (if available)","Hysteroscopy or uterine cavity report (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":2,"max":2,"one_trip_possible":false,"qualifier":"Trip 1: stimulation and retrieval, 11-17 days. Trip 2: frozen transfer 40-90 days later, stay 3-7 days."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the clinic's policy on nonmedical sex selection before treatment starts","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/disclosure-of-sex-when-incidentally-revealed-as-part-of-preimplantation-genetic-testing-pgt-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2018/","host":"asrm.org","quote":"Clinics should inform patients of these policies prior to initiating treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that consent to the procedure is informed and given without coercion","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/use-of-reproductive-technology-for-sex-selection-for-nonmedical-reasons-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2022","host":"asrm.org","quote":"providers should ensure that consent is informed and that patients are not subject to coercion in choosing the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you receive full counselling about the risks of the procedure","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/ethics-opinions/use-of-reproductive-technology-for-sex-selection-for-nonmedical-reasons-an-ethics-committee-opinion-2022","host":"asrm.org","quote":"she must be counseled fully about the risks of the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether the clinic has a national regulator and which laws it must follow","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"Ask your clinic if there's a national regulator or what laws they are required to follow.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check the clinic's multiple pregnancy rate","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"You should also ask about your clinic's multiple pregnancy rates.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check in advance how complaints are handled if something goes wrong","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"You should find out in advance how a complaint will be handled in the event that something goes wrong.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C7","text":"Check the clinic's record on standards and safety","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://hfea.gov.uk/treatments/explore-all-treatments/fertility-treatment-abroad/","host":"hfea.gov.uk","quote":"What is the clinic’s record on standards and safety?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A price that sounds too good to be true probably is","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/articles/will-economic-uncertainty-drive-more-patients-overseas-for-plastic-surgery-what-to-consider-and-how-to-stretch-your-dollar-back-home","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"If the price sounds too good to be true, it probably is.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Difficulty breathing","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have difficulty breathing","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Very thirsty and peeing less than usual","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you're very thirsty and peeing less than usual (dehydration)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Swelling in any part of the body","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have swelling in any part of your body","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Pain and bloating in the tummy","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have pain and bloating in your tummy (abdomen)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W5","text":"Vaginal bleeding or brown watery discharge","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"you have vaginal bleeding or a brown watery discharge","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You prefer testing for genetic disease during pregnancy rather than on embryos","name":"Chorionic villus sampling","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/4028-chorionic-villus-sampling-for-prenatal-diagnosis","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"CVS can help identify certain genetic diseases, including problems with chromosomes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"ivf-icsi-blastocyst","name":"IVF/ICSI with blastocyst biopsy and PGT-A (chromosomal screening with sex determination)","how_it_works":{"text":"Embryo chromosomes are screened, with newer platforms checking all chromosomes","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/practice-committee-documents/the-use-of-preimplantation-genetic-testing-for-aneuploidy-a-committee-opinion-2024/","host":"asrm.org","quote":"Originally limited to subsets of chromosomes with FISH analysis, more recent platforms evaluate all 24 chromosomes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22457-ivf","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Many people will return to normal activities right after their egg retrieval procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}},{"id":"ivf-m-sex","name":"IVF with PGT-M and sex determination for X-linked disease","how_it_works":{"text":"Embryos are made outside the body and tested for the condition","source":{"url":"https://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/our-services/pre-implantation-genetic-testing-pgt-msr","host":"guysandstthomas.nhs.uk","quote":"Embryos are created outside of the body and are tested for the genetic condition in the family.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22457-ivf","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Many people will return to normal activities right after their egg retrieval procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"ivf-icsi-blastocyst","name":"IVF/ICSI with blastocyst biopsy and PGT-A (chromosomal screening with sex determination)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Embryo chromosomes are screened, with newer platforms checking all chromosomes","source":{"url":"https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/practice-committee-documents/the-use-of-preimplantation-genetic-testing-for-aneuploidy-a-committee-opinion-2024/","host":"asrm.org","quote":"Originally limited to subsets of chromosomes with FISH analysis, more recent platforms evaluate all 24 chromosomes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22457-ivf","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Many people will return to normal activities right after their egg retrieval procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Couples wanting aneuploidy screening with sex information, where legally permitted","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Same as egg retrieval; embryos frozen pending results."},{"id":"ivf-m-sex","name":"IVF with PGT-M and sex determination for X-linked disease","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Embryos are made outside the body and tested for the condition","source":{"url":"https://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/our-services/pre-implantation-genetic-testing-pgt-msr","host":"guysandstthomas.nhs.uk","quote":"Embryos are created outside of the body and are tested for the genetic condition in the family.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22457-ivf","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Many people will return to normal activities right after their egg retrieval procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Carriers of X-linked conditions","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Same as egg retrieval; longer test preparation may be needed."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You prefer testing for genetic disease during pregnancy rather than on embryos","name":"Chorionic villus sampling","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/4028-chorionic-villus-sampling-for-prenatal-diagnosis","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"CVS can help identify certain genetic diseases, including problems with chromosomes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK passport holders can travel to Italy without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area , which includes Italy, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy without a visa for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes without a visa.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"have an ‘expiry date’ at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area (the expiry date does not need to be within 10 years of the date of issue)","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A U.S. passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay in Italy","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Your passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Foreigners may bring personal medications for 30 days into Italy; bringing a copy of the prescription is recommended","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"According to the Ministry of Health, foreigners entering Italy are allowed to bring personal medications for a period of 30 days, but it is recommended that travelers also bring a copy of their prescription with them.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"A UK GHIC or EHIC is needed to get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V7","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Private hospitals in Italy usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Private hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V8","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["azerbaijan","china","cyprus","egypt","malaysia","mexico","northern-cyprus","poland","republic-of-korea","spain","thailand","ukraine","united-arab-emirates"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.6,"count":71,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>The cost for IVF with Gender Selection in Italy typically ranges from _op_400_price_from_ to _op_400_price_to_. Pricing depends on the specific clinic tier and the complexity of genetic screening. In the US, similar procedures cost around _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Italy offers savings of around _price_percent_discount_%. Most programs include cycle monitoring, egg retrieval, and Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT).</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Clinic location:</strong> Major medical hubs like Milan and Rome often have higher administrative costs.</li>\n<li><strong>Genetic testing:</strong> Detailed chromosomal screening for gender selection typically increases the base IVF cost.</li>\n<li><strong>Medication protocols:</strong> Hormonal stimulation costs vary based on individual patient response and required dosage.</li>\n<li><strong>Cryopreservation:</strong> Storing additional healthy embryos for future use usually requires a separate annual fee.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Italy is a top choice for high-volume specialized care. San Raffaele in Milan treats 300,000 patients annually and holds IRCCS accreditation. This classification marks it as a national center of excellence for research. Patients often choose these larger institutes for access to cutting-edge technologies. Choosing an accredited hospital in Milan ensures standardized care within the European Union framework.</p>","faq":[{"q":"Are there legal penalties for doctors who perform unauthorized gender selection in Italy?","a":"<p>Italian doctors face severe criminal and professional penalties for unauthorized gender selection under Law 40/2004. Violators risk up to 2 years imprisonment, permanent medical license revocation, and fines up to 1 million euros. The practice is strictly prohibited unless preventing serious gender-linked genetic diseases.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Criminal imprisonment:</strong> Doctors may serve up to 2 years for unauthorized embryo manipulation.</li> <li><strong>Financial penalties:</strong> Professional fines for illegal assisted reproduction reach up to 1 million euros.</li> <li><strong>Facility sanctions:</strong> Clinics operating outside guidelines face fines between 100,000 and 300,000 euros.</li> <li><strong>Professional de-registration:</strong> Physicians convicted of these practices are permanently barred from the medical profession.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While Italy has 19 clinics serving over 1,000 requests, legitimate centers like San Raffaele focus on complex genetic research. Avoid any facility suggesting family balancing through indirect offers. These unregulated arrangements often lead to patient abandonment or total loss of funds. Seek centers with Italian Ministry of Health verification to ensure legal compliance.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients warn against clinics offering gender selection through vague, high-risk verbal agreements. They advise verifying all IVF contracts through legal experts to avoid serious post-treatment complications.</p>"},{"q":"Can IVF clinics in Italy reveal the embryo's sex to the parents?","a":"<p>Italian IVF clinics cannot reveal an embryo's sex to parents for non-medical reasons. Law 40 strictly prohibits elective gender selection and disclosure. Clinicians only provide this information when necessary to prevent the transmission of severe sex-linked genetic disorders via Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Legal restriction:</strong> Italian law forbids eugenic selection and elective family balancing.</li> <li><strong>Medical exceptions:</strong> Disclosure only occurs for certified gender-linked genetic health risks.</li> <li><strong>Access criteria:</strong> IVF is restricted to stable, heterosexual couples with infertility diagnoses.</li> <li><strong>Data handling:</strong> Doctors often omit or delete sex data from genetic reports.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While Milan's San Raffaele hospital leads in genetic research, Italian law prevents using this expertise for elective sex selection. Patients often choose nearby Spain or Northern Cyprus, where gender selection is accessible for family balancing.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many parents feel frustrated when clinics hide sex data from genetic test results. They typically prepare separate travel budgets for neighboring countries where disclosure is legally protected.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"Was kostet IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl in Italien?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Vorteile und Garantien von Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Ihr persönlicher medizinischer Koordinator bei Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Entdecken Sie die besten Kliniken von IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl in Italien: 1 geprüfte Optionen und Preise","kind":"content"},{"text":"IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl Übersicht in Italien","kind":"content"},{"text":"Bewertungen","kind":"content"},{"text":"Diesen Inhalt teilen","kind":"content"},{"text":"Videogeschichten von Bookimeds Patienten","kind":"content"},{"text":"Schnelle Fakten über IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl","kind":"content"},{"text":"FAQ zu IVF mit Geschlechtsauswahl in Italien","kind":"content"},{"text":"Kostenlose Beratung erhalten","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}